was born in 1942 in Epsom, England. He studied medicine in Great Britain, receiving an M.A. in 1966 and becoming a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1972. In 1979, he obtained a Certificate of Higher Surgical Training in general surgery. He has been a surgical tutor for the Royal College of Surgeons, Chairman of the Department of Surgery at Brook General Hospital, Consultant in General and Urological Surgery at Gama Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and Consultant General Surgeon for the South-East Thames Regional Health Authority. His first secondment to the ICRC by the British Red Cross in 1983 was followed by many others for missions to ICRC surgical hospitals in Thailand and Pakistan. He has been an ICRC medical co-ordinator since 1988 and in 1989 was made the institution's Co-ordinator for War Surgery.